Gary Smith
Thank you and good morning everybody.
Today we delivered strong fiscal first quarter results, including revenue of 1.07 billion, adjusted gross margin of 44.7, and adjusted EPS of $0.64 per share.
Positive demand dynamics drove very strong order flow in the quarter.
Significantly, direct orders from cloud providers were half of overall orders in Q1, and we’ve had our strongest back to back quarters of orders from service providers in over 2 years.
This outstanding performance reflects balance, growth and strong momentum across all aspects of our business as we execute our strategy to take full advantage of the growth of cloud and AI traffic.
Since speaking with you last in mid-December, we’ve seen the continuation of the positive demand dynamics that we’ve been discussing in recent quarters.
This is playing out across our primary customer segments and geographies, and in both our foundational business and our market expansion opportunities.
The rapid expansion and distribution of AI training and influencing infrastructure is driving global investment in ultra scalable high performance networks operated by both service providers and cloud providers.
And as the global leader in high speed connectivity, we are best positioned to partner with them on these critical infrastructure builds to help scale and monetize their networks.
So, as we continue to execute our strategy and take full advantage of these opportunities, we remain focused on extending our leadership and growing market share in our core businesses, inclusive of Sub C, long haul, Metro, DCI, and MOAN opportunities, and growing our addressable market into adjacentcies, particularly inside and around the data center over time. As well as in metro routing, all areas where our foundational optical technologies and leadership provide a significant competitive advantage.
To best understand how our investments are fully aligned with these market dynamics and our customers’ priorities, we believe that viewing our business through the lens of our major customer segments provides the most insight.
So let’s start with service providers.
The supply and demand dynamics that we experienced in previous periods continued to come into balance, and we believe service provider inventory digestion impacts are largely now complete.
Accordingly, we saw ongoing improvement in Q1 in revenue and orders, with North America leading the way and international markets continuing to show positive progress.
Service provider revenue in Q1 increased 14% year over year, comprising approximately 51% of total revenue.
Clearly these customers are once again investing to scale their networks, specifically for the anticipated increase in cloud traffic and new AI workloads, including formo fun opportunities with the cloud providers.
We’ve now seen a couple of quarters with an improving service provider trend line, and we believe these positive service provider spending dynamics will continue moving forward.
Moving now to cloud providers.
We continue to broaden and deepen our relationships with cloud customers. In Q1, total direct cloud revenue comprised 32% of the total revenue, with 5 cloud providers in our TOP10 customers for the quarter.
AI is the key driver of scaling and provisioning these high-speed networks to support increased bandwidth demand and enable the monetization of AI today and well into the future.
We expect these to be large, long-term investment plans over many years to come, as evidenced by the strong CapEx plans and strategic commentary that most cloud providers have recently announced relating to networks.
Turning to the critical technologies that are required by both our service provider and cloud provider customers, we are seeing broad-based momentum again across our portfolio.
WaveLogic 6 Extreme is off to an incredibly strong start in the marketplace, gaining momentum with customers who seek increased capacity and reduced space and power requirements in their networks.
In Q1 we added 20 new customers for WaveLogic 6 E.
And we continue to ship our WaveLogic 5 solution. In Q1, we reached more than 1,600 wave logic modems shipped worldwide, 160,000.
Confirming the wave logic portfolio is the foundation for world-class network backbones for the AI and cloud economy, both terrestrial and subsea.
And our intelligent line systems, including our RLS photonic platform and wave server wavelength solution, are designed for the type of traffic and applications that are emerging and are the preferred choice for both service providers and cloud customers alike.
In fact, we have nearly 100 total customers now for RLS and more than 400 total for wave server.
Importantly, our interconnect portfolio is gaining traction and represents a substantial growth opportunity for us moving forward, particularly in the context of AI within the Metro data center campus and in the future inside the data center itself.
As a reminder, interconnect is a general industry term to describe the infrastructure technologies that provide the connectivity between and within data centers. It includes both pluggables and component technologies.
Demand for our high performing best in class luggables is strong and growing. Q1 was our highest orders quarter yet for pluggables, as we continue to take share in this fast growing market.
We are also on track for general availability of our 800 gig wave logic 6 nano pluggable solution in the first half of this calendar year and expect deployments later in the calendar year for Metro DCI use cases.
The WaveLogic 6 nanotechnology also supports the industry’s first 1.6T coherent light solution for 2 kilometers to 20 kilometer campus applications.
Which will also be productized for deployment in the 2026 time frame.
In fact, we will also be showing the first live 1.6T coherent light solution demonstration at the upcoming OSC conference in San Francisco in early April.
And we will be hosting investor meetings to provide further details about our ongoing R&D efforts in this area.
Before handing over to Jim, I’d summarize by saying that as the global leader in high speed connectivity for both systems and the underlying technology, we are incredibly well positioned to partner with customers to address rapidly increasing bandwidth demands driven by cloud connectivity and AI.
As a result, we have strong momentum across our business which is driving balanced growth and providing a solid visibility and confidence in our future.
Jim, can you now take us through a more detailed readout of our financial performance in Q1, as well as our outlook? Jim?
James Moylan
Thanks, Gary. Good morning, everyone.
As Gary mentioned, we delivered strong fiscal first quarter financial results. Total revenue in Q1 was $1.07 billion. This included 2 10% plus customers, one cloud provider and one service provider.
Adjusted gross margin was 44.7%, driven by a few non-recurring events including software.
Q1 adjusted operating expense was $347 million. With respect to profitability measures in Q1, we delivered adjusted operating margin of 12.3%, adjusted net income of $94 million and adjusted EPS of $0.64.
In addition, we generated $104 million in cash from operations. Adjusted EIA was $156 million.
Finally, we ended the quarter with approximately $1.3 billion in cash and investments. We repurchased approximately 1 million shares for $79 million during the first quarter.
We continue to target the repurchase of approximately $330 million total in fiscal year ’25.
Turning to some additional highlights from the quarter, as Gary mentioned, we had a great quarter in optical. We have 25 total customers for Wave Logic 6 Extreme.
Including large service providers like Lumen, it’s just a lot, Korea Telecom, Southern Cross, and Vocus, as well as several of the major cloud provider customers that are planning to standardize on this technology.
We remain the only vendor in the market with a 1.6 terabit WAN solution and expect to hold that lead in this next generation of optical technology for at least 2 years.
And pluggable momentum was strong in Q1, putting us well on track to at least double our revenue this year from fiscal 2024.
In routing and switching, Q1 revenue was $93 million up 17% sequentially.
The total total count for our adaptive IP customers is now 390, including nearly 40 added during the first quarter.
And we are winning new customers for our coherent routing solution, including international service providers and enterprise customers.
Other portfolio highlights from Q1 include la, software and services, including Navigator, had another good quarter with revenue up 6% year over year.
Blue Planet quarterly revenue nearly doubled year over year.
Turning now to guidance.
Before I talk about the guide, I will say that we are certainly aware of the potential for disruption in the US and the international economy, given the prospect of additional tariffs and retaliatory actions. However, we firmly believe that bandwidth demand will continue to grow through this period.
Given the fluidity and uncertainty surrounding the situation, our guide does not include the effects, if any. Of additional tariffs.
For the fiscal second quarter, we expect to deliver revenue in a range of $1.05 billion to $1.13 billion.
We expect Q2 adjusted gross margin to be in the low 40% range.
And we expect adjusted operating expense to be approximately $355 million.
We are very encouraged by the strength in our business and the continuation of positive demand dynamics across all of our segments, and we are very confident in our well established position as the global leader in high-speed connectivity, as both our service provider and cloud provider customers invest at scale and monetize their networks in the AI era.
With that momentum. Though it’s still early in the year, we are increasingly confident that we can deliver revenue growth toward the high end of our 8% to 11% guidance range for fiscal 2025.
Also, for the year, we continue, as we said last quarter, to expect adjusted gross margin to be in the 42 to 44% range for the year, and adjusted operating expense to averaged $350 to $360 million per quarter.
In closing, I’ll say that the strength of orders across all our market segments and verticals indicates that our position in the market continues to improve.
Our lead in technology, which we believe is sustainable, coupled with the depth and breadth of our customer relationships, sets Sienna up nicely for long term growth.
Michael, we’ll now take questions from the cell side analysts.
Operator
(Operator Instructions) Atif Malik, Citi.
Adrienne Colby
Hi, it’s Adrienne Colby for Atif. Thank you for taking the question. I was hoping we could talk a little bit about the dynamics you were seeing in the cloud service provider segment. I’m interested in what the linearity of the order trends were in the quarter, if you saw any kind of a pause or a shift or signs that cloud customers are rethinking some of their strategy for the year.
Thank you.
Gary Smith
Do you want to, I take that.
We’ve seen very solid order growth really around accelerating demand across multiple cloud players.
We saw no linearity at all around that. In fact, we’re probably seeing an increase in demand, which has actually continued right now into Q2. We’ve actually started Q2. Another way of addressing your question here is saying, Q2, we’ve started super strong with cloud cloud providers, and we expect that to continue. And, the fundamentals around that dynamics are, driven by a multitude of things. One is machine to machine learning, we see expansion opportunities there, particularly in North America, where, there’s a need to basically, they can’t get all the power and compute in one space.
Therefore, it has to link up to multiple data centers, requiring low latency, higher bandwidth solutions. And then globally, just the increase in cloud traffic and a move to inference, to link up all of these data centers. Requires, a very large scale up and build of submarine systems, metro across the global landscape. We have seen absolutely no yielding in that at all. In fact, I’d describe it as an acceleration, and when you think about it.
They need to connect these data centers if they’re going to monetize any of this. And in fact, the, if we get more proliferation of reasoning models, that’s just going to drive more traffic, frankly.
James Moylan
One thing I’d add to that, Gary, is that in a more general sense, our orders for the quarter were more than double over the last year during the same quarter and well above our revenue, and about half of those orders were cloud, so just accentuates the comments that Gary.
Adrienne Colby
Thank you.
Operator
Meta Marshall, Morgan Stanley.
Meta Marshall
They’re great thanks maybe to start with just in terms of kind of following up on the previous question but just kind of how do you see seasonality of cloud, customers, obviously it’s kind of down quarter over quarter, but you noted very strong order activities, so just kind of what you’re seeing in terms of seasonality and then maybe as a second question.
You noted no further tariffs contemplated, but just what are you assuming for tariffs as announced and just how are you looking to mitigate those either through price or moving kind of distribution? Thanks.
Gary Smith
I don’t want to I take the 1st part of that and then Jim can take the second. On the cloud side, we’re not, given the scale up and the nature of it, when, I think we’re not really susceptible to seasonality. You can have some ebbs and flows, based on the end of the. Calendar year and shipments and things, but I, on the whole, I don’t think you’re going to see a lot of seasonality here. I think it’s largely up to the right, with a few variables quarter by quarter. I think there’s an increasing demand to make sure that they’ve got. The right kind of scaled infrastructure and connectivity to be able to take advantage of this, because this traffic is now really another way to simply think about it is this stuff is now beginning to come outside of the data center, both in terms of training and in terms of inference and just the general growth in cloud traffic, and I think, that’s going to be a very consistent over, I think the next few years.
James Moylan
And on the tariff situation, Matt, as you can appreciate, it is very fluid and dynamic. There have been lots of changes and decisions, lots of changes to decisions made on tariffs over the last few weeks. We’ve certainly been very busy looking at how we will mitigate. The tariffs if and when they come into play, and we do have a resilient supply chain that allows for this kind of mitigation depending upon the shape of the ultimate tariffs. We’ll work with our customers for reimbursement of tariffs, so we just didn’t put it in there. We’ll give you a view of that when and if we have certainty.
Meta Marshall
Okay, great.
Thank you.
Operator
Amit Daryanani, Evercore.
Amit Daryanani
Good morning.
Thanks for taking my question. I guess maybe just to start on gross margins, Jim, you sort of mentioned there was some one-time benefits in the in the jan quarter you folks had. So could you just talk about, very strong performance and gross margins in the Jan quarter, sort of what drove that upside and, what were the things that were perhaps non-reoccurring that were not sustained in out quarters.
James Moylan
Yes, I think you can appreciate from past quarters that gross margin is difficult for us to call precisely because there are any number of things that can happen during a quarter that can that are unexpected. In this most recent quarter, we had several unexpected one-time events, including some software events that drove it up.
We also had a good performance on the supply chain in terms of overheads. So all of those things were good, and we did greatly exceed the number we put out for you. This quarter, we don’t expect those effects to occur to recur in Q2. We are returning to our guide of low 40s for Q2. Remember we said at the beginning of the year, the first half of the year was going to be in the low 40s. Second half of the year was going to be toward the mid-40s, and we’d end up the year at 42 to 43%. We still believe that to be true.
Over the long term, we’re hopeful that charges will improve.
Amit Daryanani
Fair enough. And then, if I kind of step back and think about your commentary around auto growth and the cloud demand, it all seems like up to the right. I was wondering if you kind of stack that up against your April quarter guide, which I think is calling for revenue growth of, low. Sing its 2% sequentially.
I think historically it tends to be up more like 67% mid to high single dit. So we talk about the guide for April seems to be a little bit lower than normal seasonality despite some very positive commentary on audit and cloud from your site.
James Moylan
I’d respond to that this way, Ahmed.
We used to have a reasonably predictable seasonality in our order and revenue flow when our business was service providers. Now our business is, roughly 50% driven by cloud providers, and their order flow and the resulting revenue is more a function of what projects they’re working on at any point in time as opposed to annual seasonality. So my own feeling is that you shouldn’t compare year over year here that much in terms of overall revenue. You should look at the trend and as we, we’re calling 8 to 11% for this year and actually we’re going to put 10 to the higher end of the quarter for the year.
Gary Smith
The other thing I’d say I made, is obviously we had, we’ve said we’ve had strong water flows, obviously greater than one, much greater than one, and our backlog continues to increase. So I think we’re setting up for a strong second half as well. And just to clarify one point, the guide for the year on the gross margin is 42 to 44 in total.
James Moylan
Thank you, Gary. I’m misspoke.
Okay.
Amit Daryanani
Perfect.
Thank you.
Operator
Samik Chatterjee, JPMorgan.
Samik Chatterjee
Hi, thanks for the question. This is Joe Cardoso on for Sonic, I guess first one from my end, as you’re thinking about the updated full year outlook for revenue, I guess is there any change in terms of how you’re thinking about the composition between the customer verticals that you serve and maybe more specifically in terms of, guiding or raising the guide here. Is there a specific customer vertical that is tracking ahead of your plans relative to 90 days ago, or is this more broad-based in terms of what you’re seeing across the verticals and the trends you’re seeing? And then I have a quick follow up.
Thank you.
Gary Smith
Yeah, let me take that first and then Jim may add, I would say, what’s driving the increase for the year, I would say that’s.
Two things. One, I think increasing confidence around the service provider recovery. We’ve seen multiple data points around that and it’s quite broad, but I think rather, in terms of getting to the upside, that’s largely all cloud.
That’s largely cloud. I mean, we’ve got increasing confidence the service providers are going to do what we thought they’d do in terms of the recovery, which is pretty broad-based, and I think the additional piece that would take it closer to our higher end of our range is really driven by cloud.
Samik Chatterjee
No, got it, thank you. And then for my follow up, I’m just just curious if we can get an update on how you’re seeing the pluggable opportunity unfold for the year. It’s anecdotally it kind of sounds like you guys are more confident on revenues here at least doubling for the year. So just curious, is that fair in terms of seeing a better demand in terms of 90 days ago? And then as you think about the expectations for the year, anyway, just kind of size the contribution between how much is coming from 90 5 versus 6 in terms of what you’re embedding into the outlook.
Gary Smith
I think, I think Jim, I think, well, I mentioned it in the comments where we had record order flows for plugger balls in the quarter, and I think we’re increasingly seeing as plugger balls move towards, more, higher speeds. That really plays into our portfolio, so I think we’ve said, we expect it to double for the EUR, and we’re we’re we’re absolutely, well on well on track to doing that. Scott, is there any other, Anything else you’d add there?
Scott McFeely
Yeah, a couple of things. First of all, I think, we’re seeing growing momentum, and we expect that momentum to accelerate as the demand for higher speed pluggables becomes the reality with the introduction of a wavelogic 6 and 800 gig per plug, and beyond that 1.6 terabits. So we’re we’re pretty bullish about that and our ability to gain share in that space and a reminder that that is incremental opportunity for us as a as a company.
And then, following on from that, we do see a continued march of coherent technologies being, the preferred option in different parts of the network. We’ve seen it in the WAN for many years. We’ve seen it now in Metro DCI for the last couple of seasons, and we firmly believe we’re going to see that in the campus, the 2 to 20 kilometer space, over the next couple of years, and, being the leaders in coherent, that sets us up well for that.
Your your question on wave logic 5 versus wave logic 6, look, we’ve done this many generations over in terms of coherent technologies. It always takes a couple of years for the latest and greatest technology coming out out of out of the out of the machine to become the dominant volume contributor. So we would expect Wavelogic 5 to be the volume dominant contributor through 2025.
We do, however, those new technologies are that are the vehicle that we use to compete for new business, so it’s incredibly important in terms of opening new footprint. It just takes a while for it to become the volume contributor.
Samik Chatterjee
No, understood, and then I appreciate all the color guys.
Thank you.
Operator
Simon Leopold, Raymond James.
Simon Leopold
Thanks for taking the question. Look, I understand the tariffs are very fluid and change by the minute some days, but I guess what I’m trying to get a better understanding of this, I feel like your supply chain and contract manufacturer relationships have been re-engineered somewhat and changing apart from tariffs. So if you could help us in understanding maybe what exposure to to Mexico and how you envision this changing because I believe you’re moving more into Southeast Asia. So any way to sort of quantify the risk if the tariffs stick as they are today and what else is going on in your supply chain reengineering.
Thank you.
James Moylan
We’ve designed our supply chain for resilience, so we have the capability to manufacture in a lot of different places, just about all of our products.
Our supply chain comes from Mexico, Thailand, Canada, India. I think that lists them all for now. And we do have a concentration today in Mexico and Thailand, but we do have the capability to move that around depending upon what the shape of the ultimate tariffs are.
Scott McFeely
Time in the note there.
A couple things to note on the just to follow on from Jim, a couple things to note in terms of the architecture of the supply chain and we we’ve taken steps over the last couple of years to take, direct control over our component in feed into that supply chain so that we have the flexibility to direct it to different locations and contract manufacturers around the world to take advantage of the resilience that Jim talked about.
And just a reminder, I think many of because we had the conversation in the past, but, our architecture, we own all the test assets, so we have the ability to, invoke that flexibility over time, and move the production around the world. Obviously it’s, shorter time intervals where we have existing capacity for the, for a given product. And that, the time intervals will lengthen if we have to go to a new location, but we do have that capability.
James Moylan
Yeah, thank you, Simon, it wouldn’t be, it would not be you.
I was going to say, Simon, it wouldn’t be useful for us to quantify these exposures because it’s very dynamic and we have the ability to move things around. So, as I said, when we have certainty about the effects of these tariffs, we will update you as appropriate.
Operator
Tal Liani, Bank of America.
Tal Liani
I have a few small questions kind of.
What are the applications for wave logic? Why is it growing and, where do you see it in the network? And the second question is about pluggables.
Can you, same question, kind of, is it because, is the growth because of the launch of 800GB or is it in 400GB and are you taking share from Cisco? The market share data shows that Cisco was very strong in 400GB. So, can you give us a little bit more on pluggables? And I have one little question at the end.
Scott McFeely
Yes, so first of all, starting with our our traditional core strength in our business and long haul submarine, metro regional networks, we’re seeing tremendous demand for increased traffic on those networks driven by all the cloud and AI dynamics that we’ve talked about on the call. We see it coming at us in terms of demand for wavelengths in various different forms, whether it be pluggables or. Embedded in our systems and we see it in tremendous demand for lighting new fibers with our line systems and in particular our next generation one RLS. So that’s, the first place where we’re seeing it from an application set perspective. Second place for us is around the Metro DCI space and and remember that wasn’t, if you go back 4 or 5 years, that wasn’t really the domain of coherent technologies. It’s become the de facto way to deliver it. That’s where the pluggable opportunity has really pluggable coherent opportunity has really been over the last couple of seasons. We serve that with our Wavelogic 5 and we weren’t first to market with that technology, but we have had a growing share and if you look at the Q4 reports, you see our share, substantially growing, and we think that’s going to grow substantially over 200 in 2025 and we’ll continue to grow as The data rates go from 400GB to, as you mentioned, 800GB or 1.6% eventually there as well.
So that’s here now that is really mostly net new business for us because we never really had exposure in the past to that Metro DCI use case.
Looking more into the future, we do see that continued march of coherent being relevant to their high speed data interconnect. The next place that’s going to hit, we’ve been saying this for a while, but no others in the industry have joined us in saying it is in the 2 to 20 kilometer campus data center interconnect, which has not been coherent in the past.
We would expect to start seeing revenue in our business in 2026 on that use case, and those those all of that is included in our three year guide. We have a further belief system beyond that that that that march of coherent is not going to stop at the walls of the data center that is going to bleed into the data center as bandwidth rates increase and the technical challenge of servicing those bandwidth rates. Gets larger.
That’s a little bit further out in the future.
We do believe that that is going to happen and we, being the leader is incoherent, that’ll benefit us, but from a timing perspective, it’s a little bit beyond what our 3 year guide was.
So hopefully that helps you in terms of.
Tal Liani
Perfect. Thanks.
James Moylan
For the elaborated answer. Services, last year was a big year, like a big quarter, same quarter last year was a big quarter for service growth. This quarter it grew 2.5%, and I see that the growth kind of decelerated throughout the year, 12, then 5%, then 3.5, 2.5 now. What are the trends in services?
Generally speaking, our services business has grown, and it’s grown roughly correlative to the optical growth.
I would say that we’ve had a lot of opportunities to help our cloud providers, most recently in building up their networks because they don’t necessarily have all the resources to do all the building and implementation.
That they need in order to get their networks right. So we’re very happy with our services business, and we think it’s going to grow for the future. All of the sequential movements are basically just noise.
Gary Smith
One thing I, sorry Tal, one thing I’d just add to that is we are seeing an uptick and it hasn’t, flowed through the revenues yet, probably, but in installation services, both as Jim said, for the cloud players and also the service providers, so it is a bit of a sort of a proxy for the consumption and increase of the and build out of the networks is, the ramp in our installation services.
Tal Liani
So, Jim, the range for year to year growth in the last four quarters was very big, from 2 to 12%. What’s a good assumption for us for kind of steady-state growth, ignoring all the, mountains and valleys? What’s a good assumption for services growth, annual growth?
James Moylan
I wouldn’t use any particular quarter. What I would use is, generally speaking, our services revenue is going to grow approximately as our optical business grows over time. It might in any given quarter grow faster or slower given what’s going on with particular projects, but I don’t think it’s a bad proxy. Whatever your assumption is about optical growth, to use the same for services growth.
Tal Liani
Got it. Okay.
Operator
Tim Long, Barclays.
Alyssa Shreves
Hi, good morning. This is Alyssa Shreves on for Tim Long. I just had a quick question on the service provider business. Now with the kind of gradual recovery you’ve seen in service provider, can you talk about the most fun opportunities there? Should we still expect this to be, kind of around 10 to 15% of telco? Just trying to get any color there and then just a quick question on India, how are you guys viewing India recovery this year upside there?
Thank you.
Gary Smith
Well, we’re going to take the the mound we’ve generally said certainly in the last sort of 1,218 months, it, it’s probably about, 10% plus of a of a service provider business.
I think that’s going to increase over the next, year 18 months. We’re seeing, a real expansion in opportunity around the globe for these buildouts, which is very consistent with the cloud players wanting to build out their global network capabilities, and that’s encompassing submarine. It’s encompassing a lot of geographies around the world, Europe, Middle East, Asia, India. So I would expect that to increase over time, you said 10 to 15, I I I would even, potentially say over the next 18 months or so could be as high as, 1,010 to 20, given the activity that we’re that that we’re seeing, and they want to participate in the ecosystem build out of this, and there are large parts of the world where for various reasons, the cloud players, don’t want to have the regulatory challenges of a license, etc.
And they need to provide the right kind of, capacity to enable their business and their connectivity to data center and or consumers. And so, I think this is a multi-year, expansion on Mound, and on India.
As you say, it’s been, a couple of years of kind of digestion where they moved to 5G. I think we’re now seeing, an improving pipeline there of of build out. Some of that again, to your earlier question is driven by MoFun, a lot of cloud activity in India, fastest growing internet marketer in the world. And so, we feel pretty bullish around India and we’d expect it to be, up for the year by the time we come out of Q4.
James Moylan
I just add that we have great positions with all of the 3 or 4 major operators in India, and I think that’ll be a real source of growth for us for the next few years.
Thank you.
Operator
Ruben Roy, Stifel.
Ruben Roy
Thank you, Gary, maybe to stick with the international service providers team, I’m wondering if you have some updated thoughts for us on the Huawei potential for Huawei replacement, across various geographies now that inventories have normalized and you know supply chains have normalized. Any updates there, it sounds like, there might be some movement, so just wondering if that’s at all. If there are any assumptions, with that replacement cycle, for your next, 3 year outlook.
Gary Smith
Okay.
Now, I, and I think we’ve always said this, the greatest opportunity really is in Europe, and that remains the case. It is a multi year opportunity. This is sort of, they have a lot of infrastructure here. It’s integrated into their back office. And there’s not the obvious sort of free cash flows immediate, to be able to rip all that stuff out. So, you’ve got operational issues, you’ve got capital issues, etc. And that’s what’s taken, taking a long time. And I think just by its very nature. So I think, you’ve still got a multi-year opportunity in front of us around the Huawei replacement. You are seeing it happen. We are winning those deals, more than our fair share of that, particularly in in Europe, and I think that’s going to be a tailwind for us, as the service providers recover over the next, 11 to 3 years.
Ruben Roy
Thank you, Gary, and I had a follow up for Scott, I think.
And Scott, kind of considering some of your commentary on, kind of longer term potential opportunities inside the data center, there’s been a lot of chatter in recent weeks and months around CPO, and I assume we’re going to hear more about that over the next several weeks.
What are your thoughts there again thinking through, sort of longer term prospects for Sienna either.
With you know transceivers or ingredients that make up transceivers inside the data center, CPO, an opportunity, a threat, or, neutral.
Thank you.
Scott McFeely
Yeah, hi Ren. Thanks for the question. Yeah. So, if you take a step back, think of whether it’s CPO or or various other different, packagedopics, LPOs, etc.
That all speaks to the industry trying to innovate around solving the challenge of continued increase in demand for scale.
And that’s scale and compute but also scale in terms of the high speed, data interconnects, and clearly, our.
We’re more interested in the high speed data interconnect piece of that.
All the applications I talked about coherent sort of having an expanded market perspective, I don’t think the CPO conversation has any impact at all on those.
The CPO, we’ve never said, by the way, given that, even given, the march of coherent becoming more and more relevant up to the walls of the data center and inside the data center, we never said IMDD or direct tech was going to go away. CPO and the other different flavors of it is, at a really high level is a repackaging of that IMDD technology to solve for for the scale issue.
We think there are going to be other challenges there as well, and we think, some of the component technology that we’ve had to solve for inside of coherent may have a play as people TRY to figure that out as well. So we see an opportunity to play both sides of the street.
As it comes inside the data center and then as they TRY to solve some of these scale problems in the IMDD world, we have some value there as well. Those are conversations that are ongoing, none of that inside the data center stuff that is in our numbers right now.
Ruben Roy
Right, thanks a lot for the details, Scott.
Operator
Tim Savageaux, Northland Capital Markets.
Tim Savageaux
Hey, good morning. A couple of questions. I guess the first one on the competitive front, I’d just love to get an update on, given the closing of the Nokia Infira deal, are you seeing anything, changing competitively either on the cloud side or the service providers side of the market, and then I’ll follow up.
Gary Smith
Tim, I would say that, we’ve obviously competed with them separately and we’ve done extremely well, with that, and I think we’re, we think we’re incredibly well positioned with competitive advantage and a multi-year technology advantage on both modems, line systems, and, microservices the main manager. So, I don’t think anything changes from that point of view. Obviously they’ve got the challenge of rationalizing the portfolio, so I think that’s an opportunity for us, as they TRY and, figure out their portfolio. So I think in the short term, that’s a good opportunity for us.
James Moylan
Great, thanks.
Tim Savageaux
And I think Gary, you mentioned that in terms of upside drivers for the year you felt them.
The cloud was really driving it. But, if you look at the dynamic in Q1, where you’ve got service provider of double digits and cloud down a little bit, as you look at fiscal ’25 and look at that kind of low double digit growth that you seem to be targeting. I mean, is it possible that most of that comes from service provider this year given the dynamics, or do we are expecting to see a big rampant cloud later in the year? Looks like your orders might be out a little bit.
Gary Smith
I would, yeah, I would expect to see a big ramping cloud. I mean, I think, so what were the Assumptions going in, kind of midpoint of that original guide with the service providers, sustained recovery, and I think we’re very confident about that now. So, tech, that’s one of the big assumptions, I think, touched, and I think the upside to the range was always really around cloud. And I think given the order flows and pipeline and activity that we’re seeing, both on MOA and on direct, I mean, the order flows in Q1, half hour orders directly were from cloud. So we’re getting good visibility into that as they plan these global buildouts. So I would expect, that to that to come on strong in the next few quarters from a revenue point of view. It it absolutely will, and I think it’ll form the the main elements around driving us to the high end of the of the range.
Tim Savageaux
Great. Thanks very much.
Operator
Ryan Koontz, Needham.
Ryan Koontz
Great, thanks for the question. We could double click for a minute on the strength out of North America SP which really sounds like it got off to a strong kind of unseasonally, robust start here, is that driven by just purely an improved spending environment or maybe are there specific programs or share gains that are driving that uptake?
Gary Smith
Yeah, Ryan, I think we, we’ve had a number of design wins over the last couple of years that are now beginning to come to fruition with the major service providers in North America, so that is particular to us. I think secondly, you’ve seen this dynamic, around getting inventory in balance.
I think over the last few quarters, that’s cleaned itself up. And so, you’re now we’re able to recognize revenues and new orders, and I think that’s sort of all in balance. And I think the third dynamic is, they just haven’t invested as much in infrastructure over the last few years, and I think part of that is.
They’ve been focused on 5G, and that, both in the US and globally is now, petering down, and so they’re now returning to, look at their overall infrastructure, automation of the networks, and how do they sort of, scale that to meet the the demands of things like MOFA and cloud expansion. So, it’s a multitude of dynamics that we’re seeing, some of which are just industry based. Some of which are, particular to Sienna of some of the design wins that we’ve got, and we pretty much now are the preferred, partner in all of the major tier one carriers in North America, and that’s also playing into the strength.
Ryan Koontz
That makes a lot of sense. Thanks for that.
And with respect to your ex, your broad exposure in cloud, which sounds like it’s poised to see some strong sequential growth through this year, would you attribute that coming, primarily from, kind of the TOP4 classic players or, historically, more recently you’ve talked about, strength out of the next tier tier 2s that are growing rapidly. How would you characterize your growth there and exposure?
Gary Smith
Yeah, I mean, it’s tough to think about these as tier twos as well, the size of some of their business. I think it, it’s sort of their, now sort of pivot towards the network part of it, which they’ve not been focused on before. So, I think a telling statistic which folks might have missed is we’ve now got 5 cloud providers in our TOP10 customers for Q1, and I think that kind of illustrates the the sort of point that you’re making around. It’s broadening out the amount of players that are investing and realizing that for them to, optimize their position around AI and cloud that they’ve got to actually focus on the network from a delivery point of view and a monetization, and you’re seeing we’ve had a number of wins in these, newer, they’re certainly well established large companies.
But these newer winds that are focused on the network and so you’ve got an expanding group of players, and we’ve also got deepening relationships with the, with the major existing players as well. You think about the relationships we have, it’s submarine, it’s metro, it’s long haul, it’s plugger balls, it’s into the campus now with some of the plugger balls. It’s, the services aspect of it, we’re increasing our engagement around all of that, so it’s both broader and deeper in the cloud market.
Ryan Koontz
Makes a lot of sense. Thanks for that.
Operator
David Vogt, UBS.
Thank you. It’s Andrew for David. I wanted to ask a higher level gross margin question. I think you’ve said you expected to move higher over time, and I think, I expect it to move maybe 100, 200 bits higher to get to your 3-year plan. And for your margins. And what I’m thinking about is I’m wondering, can I model and think about your gross margins moving higher over time as revenue scales and you get typical scale benefits, or should I think about it more as something that, kind of goes sideways for a while and then inflects as your revenue shifts away from line systems, and so maybe the gross margin ramp in the 3 year model is more back half loaded. I’m trying to think through that.
James Moylan
Yeah, I’ll answer that notwithstanding the fact that we had some unexpected one-time effects in this most recent quarter, our gross margin is most heavily influenced by mix, and typically we have a somewhat razor razor blade. Structure of pricing and gross margins as we put out the original line systems and photonics, that’s at a lower gross margin as we add capacity to the lines, it’s at a higher gross margin and that’s the way our business has worked for a long time.
It happens to be the fact that our RLS line system, which is the NextGen line system, it’s becoming an industry standard, is really doing extremely well in the marketplace.
Essentially all of the cloud providers are buying that. Most of the service providers are or will buy it. And so we have a very heavy.
Percentage of RLS in our mix. We also are beginning to sell plugs, and these are 400 ZR plugs. They’re at a higher cost point than they will be going forward as we get production to scale and as we cost reduce those products. So we are experiencing a period of lower than trend gross margins, which will trend up over time. I do expect that it will trend up from what we’re calling for Q2. And I think as we move through time, we’re going to get back to a more traditional balance between line systems and capacity, which will naturally move our margins up. So as you said, I think it’s reasonable to expect something in the mid-40s over the next couple of years. It’s not going to happen this year, probably not going to happen next year, but I think by the time you get out to 27, we should be in that range, and where it goes from there, who knows? We’d like to get back to the mid-40s and then we’ll work on it to improve it.
Thank you.
Operator
Thank you everyone with question and answer session. I’d like to turn the conference back over to Greg Lamp for any closing remarks.
Gregg Lampf
Thanks, Michael.
Thank you everyone for joining us today. We do look forward to seeing everyone at OFC. We will be hosting, as Gary mentioned, a number of investor meetings through that conference, and we look forward to seeing you also at an event we’re planning that Tuesday at 4:45 Pacific. Thanks, and we’ll speak to you all soon.
Operator
The conference has now concluded.
Thank you for attending today’s presentation. You may now disconnect.
